Knowledge, Infection Prevention Practice, and the Stigma of Monkey Pox Disease among Men Who Have Sex With Men in Rivers State: A Cross-Sectional Study
Golden Owhonda
Public Health and Disease Control Services, Rivers State Ministry of Health, Nigeria and Department of Community Medicine, Rivers State University, Nigeria.
Ihuoma Aaron Wali
Department of Community Medicine, Rivers State University, Nigeria.
Chidinma Eze-Emiri
Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria.
Ndubuisi Akpuh
Public Health and Disease Control Services, Rivers State Ministry of Health, Nigeria.
Hastings Onu
Nigeria Field Epidemiology and Laboratory Training Program, Abuja, Nigeria.
Victor Abiikor
Public Health and Disease Control Services, Rivers State Ministry of Health, Nigeria.
Ifeoma Nwadiuto
Public Health and Disease Control Services, Rivers State Ministry of Health, Nigeria and Department of Community Medicine, Rivers State University, Nigeria.
Adebola Olayinka
World Health Organisation (WHO), Nigeria.
Mie Okamura
World Health Organisation (WHO), Nigeria.
Kumshida Yakubu Balami
World Health Organisation (WHO), Nigeria.
Olufunmilola Kolude
World Health Organisation (WHO), Nigeria.
Bosede Ezekwe
World Health Organisation (WHO), Nigeria.
Chinenye Okafor
World Health Organisation (WHO), Nigeria.
Victor Oris-Onyiri
World Health Organisation (WHO), Nigeria.
Walter Kazadi Mulombo
World Health Organisation (WHO), Nigeria.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Background: Monkey pox (Mpox) is a zoonotic viral illness that is endemic to Africa. In contrast to earlier years, the current Mpox outbreak has had an unusually rapid worldwide spread in terms of the number of cases, and most of these cases were among Men who have Sex with Men (MSM). The study aims to assess the knowledge, attitude, practice of infection prevention, and stigma of Mpox disease among members of the MSM community.
Methods: The study was a cross-sectional design. A self-administered questionnaire was given to 498 respondents.
Results: The mean age of the respondents was 30 years; twenty-three (4.6%) of the total respondents identified themselves as female gender. Urban dwellers were 344 (69.1%). Respondents had a good knowledge of both Mpox disease and transmission; an average knowledge of Mpox symptoms; and an average attitude towards prevention and the practice of prevention of Mpox. Age was found to be significantly associated with knowledge of transmission (p-value). Mpox infection was evaluated as a low-risk event by most responses, but the existence of both community stigma and self-stigma if infected were rated as high.
Conclusion: The knowledge of Mpox disease and its transmission was good, while the attitude and practice of infection prevention was average. However, the existence of community and self-stigmatization was high; which perhaps may result in the possibility of an iceberg phenomenon of Mpox disease in the MSM community. Community sensitization, advocacy, and key population-friendly services are recommended for the MSM community to improve their general access to healthcare and reduce stigmatisation.
Keywords: Monkey pox, stigmatization, transmission, sexual orientation