Study of Clinical Profile & Outcome in Elderly Patients with COVID-19
Manjiri Naik
Department of Medicine, MGM Medical College and Hospital, Aurangabad, India.
Rajiv Naik
Department of Medicine, MGM Medical College and Hospital, Aurangabad, India.
Awani Paithankar *
Department of Medicine, MGM Medical College and Hospital, Aurangabad, India.
Siddhiraj Paramshetti
Department of Medicine, MGM Medical College and Hospital, Aurangabad, India.
Shubham Patel
Department of Medicine, MGM Medical College and Hospital, Aurangabad, India.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Introduction: Novel beta coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) has caused widespread transmission of coronavirus illness (COVID-19) in India from March 2020. In comparison to younger adults, older people and those with numerous co-morbidities are known to be more severely affected by seasonal flu and to have a higher mortality rate. The mortality rate increases significantly in the age groups over 60 years old with SARS-CoV-2 infection. With this objective present study was undertaken to study clinical profile and outcome in elderly COVID 19 patients
Materials and Methods: Data of 100 elderly patients aged 60 years and older with COVID-19 were obtained from hospital record section. It consisted of clinical characteristics, respiratory manifestations, laboratory parameters and radiological findings. COVID-19 confirmation was based on reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). 100 patients were divided into two groups based on outcome as Group A (Survivors) and Group B (Non-Survivors). They included 66 males and 34 females.
Observation and Results: Respiratory rate more than 30 was mainly present in group B patients (19%) compared to group A. In majority patients i.e. 79 (79%) SpO2 was between 80 to 95 range and majority i.e. 35 (35%) given Oxygen via nasal prongs. Haemoglobin <12 and Leucocytes ≤ 11000 was found in maximum patients. CRP, D dimer and random blood sugar showed statistically significant difference between two groups (P<0.0001). Ground glass opacities was main pattern found in 46 (46%), Bilateral Consolidation found in 41 (41%) and Unilateral Consolidation in 13 (13%). Results showed no statistically significant difference amongst two groups (P=0.725)
Discussion: A progressive and relatively linear increase in nasal cavity volume with increasing age along with an age-dependent decrease of nasal resistance are possible determinants for a higher prevalence of COVID in the elderly population
Conclusion: An individualized approach should be offered to older adults targeting the beneficial and negative effects of therapeutic approach
Keywords: COVID-19, elderly patients, SARS-CoV