Identification and Characterization of Antibiotic Resistant Bacteria Isolates from In-Patients at the Specialist Hospital, Sokoto, Nigeria
J. Gana
Department of Science Laboratory Technology, Federal Polytechnic, Bida, Nigeria
I. G. Ameh *
Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria
K. J. Awosan
Department of Community Health, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria
S. B. Manga
Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria
S. B. Oyeleke
Department of Microbiology, Federal University of Technology, Minna, Nigeria.
N. Danbaba
National Cereals Research Institute, Badeggi, Nigeria
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Aim: The study was conducted to identify and characterize antibiotic resistant bacteria isolates from in-patients at Specialist Hospital, Sokoto, Nigeria.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 245 patients with community-acquired infections, admitted into the various wards of the hospital over a period of 5 months. Blood, wound swab and urine samples were collected, transported and analyzed using standard procedures. Gram staining and biochemical characterization were conducted to identify bacteria isolates. Information on patients’ bio-data and results of microbiological analysis were entered into a proforma, and analyzed using IBM SPSS version 17 statistical package.
Results: Forty nine (20.0%) of the 245 samples collected showed growth and were confirmed; the bacteria species isolated include Staphylococcus aureus (9.8%), Escherichia coli (6.5%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (2.1%), and Streptococcus pyogenes (1.6%). There was no association (p > 0.05) between presence of positive samples and patients’ age, sex or place of admission (ward). The overall sensitivity ranged from 69.4% for Streptococcus pyogenes to 79.2% for Staphylococcus aureus. Whereas Streptococcus pyogenes showed absolute sensitivity (100%) to Ampicillin and Tetracycline as compared to the other antibiotics used, it was completely resistant (0%) to gentamycin.
Conclusion: This study showed substantial occurrence of antibiotic resistant pathogens among patients with community-acquired infections in Specialist Hospital, Sokoto, Nigeria. Formulation and/or implementation of the necessary policy on safe antibiotic use; and organization of periodic educational enlightenment programmes for health workers and members of the public on prevention of antibiotic resistance through rational drug prescription and use are urgently needed.
Keywords: Identification, characterization, antibiotic resistant bacteria isolates, in-patients