Integrating One Health Approaches into AMR Global Surveillance and Control
Possible Okikiola Popoola *
Division of Diagnostic, Assay Development and Medical AI, Helix Biogen Institute, Nigeria.
Oluwagbemisola Elizabeth Elesho
Department of Biology, Georgia State University, USA.
Ogechi Cecilia Ofor
Ebonyi State University, Nigeria.
Tosin Titus Olaniran
Department of Pure and Applied Biology (Microbiology) Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Genomics and Bioinformatics Unit, Helix Biogen Institute, Nigeria.
August Imomon
University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria.
Chinedum Okafor
Louisiana State University, Shreveport, USA.
Idowu Fatima Adegboye
Université Paris Cité: Paris, France and Michigan Tech University, US.
Oluwadunsin Iyanuoluwa Adebayo
Michigan Tech University, US.
Blessing Temitayo Longe
Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria.
Yetunde Mary Alo
Centre for Genomic Research in Biomedicine, Mountain Top University, Ogun State, Nigeria.
Quadri Adewuyi
University of Ibadan, Nigeria.
Nsude Christiana Chinwendu
APIN Public Health Initiatives, Nigeria.
Udofia Menyene Imoh
APIN Public Health Initiatives, Nigeria.
Morayo Oyinlola Adegboye
Department of Biochemistry, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Nigeria.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses a profound global health challenge that transcends traditional boundaries of human, animal, and environmental health. The One Health framework, which emphasizes integrated surveillance and collaborative interventions across these domains, has emerged as a critical strategy for addressing AMR at its roots. This review synthesizes the current state of One Health-based AMR surveillance and control, beginning with the scientific rationale and historical emergence of the approach. It highlights global initiatives, such as the WHO’s Global Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance System (GLASS), the FAO, WOAH, and UNEP quadripartite collaboration, alongside regional case studies from The Netherlands, Thailand, and Ghana. The analysis underscores both the challenges including infrastructural limitations, governance and funding barriers, data interoperability issues, and socio-cultural practices and the opportunities offered by genomic surveillance, AI-driven modeling, wastewater monitoring, and international funding mechanisms. The paper further outlines a roadmap for operationalizing One Health, emphasizing workforce capacity building, stewardship alignment across human and veterinary medicine, community engagement, and sustainable integration of technological innovations. Finally, it calls for stronger international cooperation, including the consideration of a global AMR treaty, to reinforce One Health as an indispensable paradigm for unified and effective AMR control worldwide.
Keywords: One health, Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR), integrated surveillance, global health governance, genomic and metagenomic monitoring, AMR policy and stewardship, wastewater-based epidemiology, global AMR treaty