The Ethical Paradox of Informed Consent in HPV Vaccination: Examining the Legal Boundaries and Ethical Considerations of Parental Consent, Public Health, and Individual Rights
Filia Clementy Daniast Susilo *
Department of Bioethic and Humaniora, Medicine Faculty, Dian Nuswantoro University, Indonesia.
Bagus Faridian
Department of Obstetric and Gynecology, Medicine Faculty, Dian Nuswantoro University, Indonesia.
Alexander Alif Nu’man
Department of Parasitology, Medicine Faculty, Dian Nuswantoro University, Indonesia.
Pradina Candraning Tyas
Department of Parasitology, Medicine Faculty, Dian Nuswantoro University, Indonesia.
Muhammad Luthfi Firdaus
Dian Nuswantoro University, Indonesia.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Background and Objective: Effective communication is crucial in medical procedures, and informed consent is a key example of this. However, informed consent may face unique circumstances, such as in life support situations or government health programs. The Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination, as part of a government initiative, raises the question of whether informed consent is still required. The study aims to explore whether informed consent is still necessary for the HPV vaccination and to analyze the legal implications if a citizen refuses to receive the vaccine. Patients have the right to refuse medical actions, making it essential to understand the legal consequences of rejecting the HPV vaccination.
Methods: This study adopts a normative juridical approach with an analytic descriptive specification. Secondary data was gathered from primary, secondary, and tertiary legal sources through literature reviews, document studies, and archival research. The collected data was then analyzed qualitatively and presented in a descriptive format.
Results: The study found that there are exceptions to the requirement for informed consent for vaccinations included in government programs. Specifically, informed consent is not necessary for individuals within the target age group of the government’s HPV vaccination program. In Indonesia, this program targets girls aged 9 to 14. Additionally, there are currently no legal penalties for individuals who refuse the HPV vaccination.
Conclusion: Informed consent is not required for individuals within the targeted age group of the government’s HPV vaccination program in Indonesia. Furthermore, there are no legal penalties for rejecting the vaccination.
Keywords: Legal ethic, informed consent, human papilloma virus vaccination, government program